France’s top court orders review of Covid-19 restrictions on church attendance
France’s State Council, the country’s highest court, has ordered the government to review a rule limiting the number of people in churches during religious services to 30.
The Council said in a statement on Sunday that the measure was not proportionate to coronavirus infection risks.
Last week, the government announced that a nationwide lockdown in place since Oct. 30 would be unwound in phases.
Shops selling non-essential goods were allowed to reopen from Saturday and indoor religious services were also allowed to resume, but the number of worshippers has been capped at 30 people, regardless of the size of the place of worship.
Tuscany and Campania will be added on Sunday to the red list, joining the wealthy northern regions of Lombardy, Piedmont and Valle D’Aosta, the province of Bolzano and Calabria in the toe of Italy.
People living in these areas are only allowed to leave their homes for work, health reasons or emergencies. Bars, restaurants and most shops must remain closed.
In silence and mourning, France marked five years since 130 people were killed by Islamist extremists who targeted the Bataclan concert hall, Paris cafés and the national stadium in a series of coordinated attacks.
The night of carnage on November 13, 2015, which saw 130 people killed and 350 wounded, was France’s deadliest peacetime attack, deeply shaking the nation.
It led to intensified French military action against extremists abroad and a security crackdown at home.
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Five years on, Parisians remember how the November 13 terror attacks unfolded
Five years later, Prime Minister Jean Castex led silent ceremonies at the multiple sites targeted by coordinated attackers around the French capital: the Stade de France in the Paris suburb of Saint-Denis, the Bataclan, and five cafes in eastern Paris where gunfire shattered the balmy Friday night.
The public could not join this year’s commemorations because of France’s partial virus lockdown.
Victims of Paris 2015 attacks: How to live five years after ?
The sheer horror of the attacks, which were claimed by extremists from the Islamic State (IS) group, has left scars that have still not healed. Five years on, the country is again on its highest security alert following a spate of attacks blamed on Islamist radicals.
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Friday’s anniversary comes with France still reeling from three attacks in the last weeks: a knife attack outside the former offices of the Charlie Hebdo weekly, the beheading of a teacher and a deadly stabbing spree at a Nice church.
In the last five years, 20 attacks have been carried out on French soil, 19 plots failed and 61 were foiled.
There has been an increasing trend of attacks being carried out by isolated individuals, previously unknown to the intelligence services, who are inspired by jihadist propaganda and carry out attacks with cold weapons needing little preparation.
But the threat of an attack planned from outside France — as was the case on November 13, 2015 — remains serious.
“Just because [the IS group] has suffered a military defeat does not mean its military capacities have been annihilated,” said a French official involved in the fight against terror, who asked not to be named.
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Between 100 and 200 French jihadists are still believed to be in former IS group strongholds in northern Iraq and Syria, and it would be an “illusion” to think they were not capable of clandestinely coming back to France, added the official.
Repeated attacks
In January 2015, Islamist gunmen massacred staff at the Charlie Hebdo satirical weekly, claiming they were avenging its publication of cartoons of the prophet Mohammed.
True to its defiant reputation, the magazine republished the cartoons to mark the start in September of the trial of suspected accomplices in the killings.
In the wake of that move, a Pakistan-born man wounded two people with a meat cleaver on September 25 outside Charlie Hebdo’s former offices.
Teacher Samuel Paty, who had shown his class the cartoons, was beheaded outside his school on October 16 by an Islamist radical from Chechnya. And on October 29 a man recently arrived from Tunisia killed three people with a knife in a Nice church.
The attacks reopened painful debates in France about the integration of the country’s Muslim population — the largest in Europe — and also prompted tougher rhetoric from President Emmanuel Macron against radical Islamism.
In turn, Macron’s defiant stance triggered a wave of protests in some Muslim countries and calls for a boycott of French goods
Catholic organisations have challenged the limit, arguing that churches and cathedrals are much more spacious than retail outlets, where the limit is one person per eight square metres.
“When you see the images of yesterday’s demonstration with this tightly packed crowd, and think that in large churches there can only be 30 people, it’s absurd,” the bishop of Nanterre, Matthieu Rouge, told BFM TV, referring to the Paris protests against article 24 of the “global security” law.
The French government denied that the Catholic faithful were being stigmatised.
France is “not the only country” to have adopted this type of measure, said Pascale Leglise, an Interior Ministry representative.
She said it was futile to compare businesses and places of worship.
